Crimes against women in conflict zones represent a distressing and pervasive humanitarian crisis. Amidst the chaos and breakdown of law and order, women often become targets of sexual violence, exploitation, and abuse. These crimes, including rape, trafficking, and forced marriage, inflict severe physical and psychological trauma on women, leaving lasting scars on communities. Conflict amplifies gender-based violence, as perpetrators act with impunity, knowing that justice systems are often incapacitated. Women's safety, dignity, and human rights are grossly violated, perpetuating cycles of suffering. Addressing these crimes is not just a moral imperative but also crucial for sustainable peace and rebuilding shattered societies.

What’s happening in Manipur?

In an effort to preserve their identity and cultural heritage, the Meitei community sought Scheduled Tribe (ST) status in 2012 in Manipur. In April 2023, the Manipur High Court instructed the state authorities to review this request. This decision triggered concerns among the tribal Naga-Kuki communities, who feared possible land displacement, ultimately sparking a conflict. A video where women were shown being assaulted was released publicly. The release of a video depicting women coerced into a humiliating public march was subsequently accompanied by a horrifying gang rape perpetrated by a mob. This event forced the government to finally address the longstanding issues in Manipur, leading to the arrest of numerous individuals following thorough investigations. The incidents of abuse and intimidation against women amidst the ongoing conflict are numerous and staggering: women are subjected to burning, dehumanizing treatment, mob violence, and sexual assault, all of which blatantly disregard their fundamental human rights.

Rape and Sexual Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), rape and sexual violence have been ruthlessly wielded as weapons of war for decades. Armed groups operating in the region have systematically targeted women and girls, subjecting them to horrific acts of sexual violence. These brutal attacks not only cause physical and psychological trauma but also tear apart the social fabric of communities. The DRC has witnessed one of the highest rates of reported sexual violence in the world, with countless survivors left to grapple with the devastating aftermath. The international community has sought to address this crisis, but challenges persist in providing justice and support to the survivors.

Yazidi Women in Iraq and Syria (ISIS)

Yazidi women in Iraq and Syria faced harrowing struggles under the brutal rule of ISIS. They endured forced conversions, displacement, and witnessed the murder of loved ones. Thousands of Yazidi women and girls were subjected to sexual slavery, rape, and forced marriages, with many enduring long-term physical and psychological trauma. While some managed to escape or were rescued, they faced societal stigmatization upon returning, compounding their suffering. The international community rallied to support survivors, but challenges in their reintegration persist. Yazidi women's resilience in the face of such horrors serves as a testament to the strength of the human spirit amidst unimaginable adversity.

‍Rohingya Women in Myanmar

Rohingya women in Myanmar have faced extreme persecution and violence. The Rohingya crisis, marked by military crackdowns, has subjected these women to horrific atrocities. They have endured sexual violence, including rape, murder, and the burning of villages, forcing them to flee to neighbouring countries like Bangladesh. In overcrowded refugee camps, Rohingya women continue to face dire conditions, including inadequate healthcare and sanitation facilities,limited access to education and employment. Despite these immense challenges, Rohingya women have shown remarkable resilience, advocating for justice and international recognition of their plight while striving to rebuild their lives in the face of ongoing adversity.

‍Indian Independence 1947

During India's struggle for independence in 1947, war crimes against women were tragically prevalent. Instances of mass sexual violence, abduction, and murder occurred during the partition of India and Pakistan. Women from both Hindu and Muslim communities suffered immensely as communal tensions escalated. Women were targeted along religious lines, enduring brutal assaults and displacement. The violence inflicted deep scars on countless families, leaving a legacy of trauma and communal divide. These war crimes, often overshadowed by broader historical narratives, remain a painful reminder of the human cost of partition, underscoring the importance of acknowledging and learning from such atrocities in the pursuit of peace and reconciliation.

War is a man-made tragedy where women all too often become collateral damage. They bear the brunt of conflict, enduring violence, displacement, and loss. This should never be the case. Recognizing that the impact of war extends far beyond the battlefield, we must prioritize peace-building, diplomacy, and conflict resolution to protect the rights and safety of women and all civilians. Empowering women's voices and roles in peacemaking efforts is crucial for creating a more just and peaceful world where the devastating consequences of war are minimized.

References:

Ohchr | EPW | Gender and Security | Peace Women | Oxford Human Rights Hub